THE PASSING OF LENIN

Socialist Standard No. 236, April 1924 One of the significant facts brought into prominence by the great war was the intellectual bankruptcy of the ruling class of the Western World. A gigantic field of operations and colossal wealth at their disposal, failed to bring out...

ART, AGRICULTURE AND URBANIZATION

Africa 5000 -500 BC THE EARLIEST EVIDENCE of artistic activity in Africa can be seen in rock engravings and rock paintings, which are located mainly in the Sahara and in South and East Africa – those parts of the continent where suitable rock faces are...

EARLY EGYPTIAN CULTURE

Further south, upstream of the First Cataract of the Nile, the situation was rather different, and the cultural remains there can be distinguished from those of Egypt. From about 4000 BC to about 3200 BC the first settled food-producing societies, known as the ‘A Group’,...

EGYPTIANS BEGAN

EGYPTIANS BEGAN THEIR colonization of the southern Nile from about 2000 BC. Their presence in the northern part of this region left an indelible mark on indigenous cultures along the river. An important state based at Kerma confronted the southern outposts of Egypt. Large brick...